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Teachers' Guide Funded by a grant from The John H. and H. Naomi Tomfohrde Foundation Introduction The Teachers' Guide is divided into three sections:
Lessons from "Living on the Edge of Empire" Workshop "Living on the Edge of Empire: Alliance, Conflict and Captivity in Colonial New England" was a National Endowment for the Humanities Landmarks Workshop held in Deerfield, Massachusetts in the summer of 2013. Presented by the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, the workshop placed the 1704 Raid on Deerfield in the broader context of the history of colonial New England. The educators from a range of K-12 grade levels who participated in the workshop produced the lessons presented here. 1704 Lessons These lessons are designed to serve as examples of different ways you can use the 1704 website with students. The lessons cover a range of topics, with the goal of helping students to personalize their study of the people involved in the Raid. Students are asked to study the raid from a variety of perspectives, using both primary and secondary sources. Primary sources were written during the time being studied. Secondary sources were written after the fact, but the author may have studied a primary source to produce the secondary source. Because the text of the site is written at an adult level, most of the lessons are best used with upper elementary through high school students. One lesson, We Both Want to Use this Land, is specifically designed for younger elementary children. Although most of the lessons cover the topics of colonial and Native American U.S. history, two lessons, Making Tracks to Canada and A Map and Math Lesson with Jonathan Hoyt, involve geography, mapping, and math skills. At the end of each lesson is a list of resources for further information. We encourage teachers to incorporate their own resources as well. 1. We Both Want to Use This Land By closely examining artwork that depicts homes,
communities, and surrounding landscapes, students learn about differences
between ideas of land use in both the Native and European cultures. 2. Making Tracks to Canada: Map Skills Using mapping skills, students gain familiarity with New England geography by locating the route the captives took from Deerfield to Canada. 3. Through the Eyes of the Survivors In this lesson, students imagine they are survivors
of the 1704 raid on Deerfield and describe what happened to them
before, during, and after the raid. 4. A Map & Math Lesson With Jonathan Hoyt In this lesson, students take an interdisciplinary
look at the life of Jonathan Hoyt by using their map and math skills
to answer a number of questions about his life and captivity experience. 5. When Is a Fight a Massacre? The Bloody Brook Massacre and Falls Fight Students study historical reports about these two attacks to look for evidence of bias in the reports. Students learn that historical references are not always accurate in their presentation of historical information. In this lesson, students examine Stephen Williams's captive experience both from his perspective and that of his captors. Students explore differences between the modes
of land use employed by the Native American and English colonial
cultures. 9. Comparing Lives: The Assault on Peskeompskut from Two Different Perspectives In this lesson, students compare two women's lives across cultures in times of unrest in Massachusetts in the late 17th century. In this lesson, students compare two different
captive experiences within the same family. Using primary sources, students learn how to describe what life may have been like for Native Americans and English colonists on the “frontier” of New England.
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