Wôbanakiak  
Wôbanakiak translates to "people of the dawn," or "people of the east." The adjective form of this word is Wôbanaki. Culturally and linguistically, this concept applies to the eastern Algonkian Indians of northern New England and southern Canada. Although this covers a very large area, for the purposes of this website, we are using the term Wôbanakiak to refer only to the western Abenaki and Connecticut River valley Indians in Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and southern Quebec (Canada). The Wôbanakiak who were impacted by the settlement of Deerfield or participated in the 1704 raid include: the Agawam, Nonotuck, Pocumtuck, Quaboag, and Woronoco of western MA; the Sokoki of MA, NH, and VT; the Cowass, and Missisquoi of VT; the Pennacook, Pequawket, and Pawtucket of NH; and the St. Francis Abenaki of Quebec. See also: Maps > Wôbanaki Homelands

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